The integration of Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) technology into supply chain management has emerged as a transformative enabler of inventory visibility and operational efficiency across industrial sectors. Within the oil and gas industry — where supply chain complexity, asset-intensive operations, and regulatory demands present acute challenges to inventory management — RFID offers critical capabilities that traditional barcode and manual tracking systems fail to deliver. This systematic literature review synthesises empirical, simulation-based, and conceptual research published between 2020 and 2025, drawing on 30 peer-reviewed sources indexed in Scopus and Web of Science Q1 journals, to examine the multifaceted impact of RFID technology on warehouse efficiency and inventory visibility within oil and gas supply chains. The review is guided by three principal objectives: (i) to map the current landscape of RFID adoption and deployment models in oil and gas warehousing contexts; (ii) to evaluate the quantifiable gains in inventory accuracy, stockout reduction, and replenishment efficiency attributable to RFID implementation; and (iii) to critically assess integration barriers including middleware complexity, organisational resistance, and environmental constraints inherent to upstream, midstream, and downstream oil and gas environments. Findings indicate that RFID-enabled systems consistently improve inventory accuracy by 25–40%, reduce unplanned stockouts by up to 44%, and accelerate order cycle times by 18–29% when fully integrated with enterprise resource planning (ERP) and warehouse management systems (WMS). The review further identifies an underexplored nexus between RFID, Internet of Things (IoT) convergence, and digital twin applications as a frontier for future research. The paper contributes to theory by extending the process-oriented IT value framework to the oil and gas supply chain context and offers practical implications for supply chain managers, technology architects, and policymakers.