Cloud storage has become a core platform for Saudi digital transformation, yet its use now operates within a dense sovereignty and compliance environment shaped by personal data protection, cybersecurity controls, data classification duties, and cloud service regulations. This review examines how Saudi organizations can govern cloud storage without reducing sovereignty to a narrow data localization rule. It argues that sovereignty is a multidimensional capability involving lawful jurisdiction, data location, key custody, operational access, auditability, incident response, vendor accountability, and continuity of critical services. Using a structured integrative review of recent academic, regulatory, and standards literature from 2020 to 2025, the paper synthesizes obligations relevant to cloud storage in Saudi Arabia and proposes a control-oriented framework for regulated workloads. The review finds that the main compliance risks arise from cross-border transfers, hidden metadata flows, privileged administrator access, subcontractor chains, weak classification, unclear shared responsibility, and insufficient evidence for audits. It also finds that effective governance requires data-centric architecture rather than contract-only compliance. Recommended practices include workload classification, Saudi-region hosting where required or justified, encryption with locally governed keys, privacy impact assessment, transfer assessment, immutable logging, contractual audit rights, exit planning, and continuous compliance monitoring. The paper contributes a practical framework that aligns legal, technical, and operational controls for Saudi cloud storage environments while supporting innovation under Vision 2030. Its central conclusion is that compliant cloud adoption is achievable when data sovereignty is treated as a measurable governance system rather than a static storage location.