This study examines how Vision 2030 has reshaped Saudi Arabia’s foreign policy and regional security strategy in the Middle East. Initiated under Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Vision 2030 represents a comprehensive agenda of economic diversification, institutional modernization, technological advancement, and global engagement. The study argues that Vision 2030 has strengthened Saudi Arabia’s strategic autonomy by linking domestic transformation with proactive diplomacy, regional stability, and diversified international partnerships. Using Neoclassical Realism, Regional Security Complex Theory, and Strategic Hedging Theory, the research explains how internal modernization enhances state capacity, how regional interdependence shapes Saudi security behavior, and how multi-vector diplomacy with the United States, China, and Russia expands strategic flexibility. The findings suggest that Saudi Arabia is moving from a traditionally oil-centered and security-dependent posture toward a development-oriented foreign policy that prioritizes economic integration, diplomatic engagement, and conflict de-escalation. Vision 2030 therefore positions the Kingdom as a central actor in shaping a more cooperative regional order.