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Global Academic Journal of Medical Sciences
Volume-3 | Issue-03
Original Research Article
“Complications and In-Hospital Mortality Rates after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in ST Elevation Myocardial Infraction”
Mohammad Arifur Rahman, Md. Shahimur Parvez, Arifin Islam Lita
Published : May 27, 2021
DOI : 10.36348/gajms.2021.v03i03.008
Abstract
Background: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) is the preferred method of revascularization in Acute ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention has emerged as the therapy of choice in STEMI and selected cases of Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI). As Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) enters its fourth decade of use, it is now the most commonly performed revascularization therapy worldwide. Objective: To find out the Complications and In-Hospital Mortality Rates after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in ST Elevation Myocardial Infraction. Methods: It is a retrospective, single centre study, performed at Department of Cardiology, Sheikh Fazilatunnessa Mujib Memorial KPJ Specialized Hospital, Gazipur, Bangladesh. All patients who underwent PCI for STEMI from November 2018 to July 2020 were enrolled in this study. All the data were collected from hospital registry and cath lab records. Results: The Study showed that out of 175 patients who presented with STEMI, 74.5% were male with average age of 56.50 years. The mean time of presentation after onset of symptom/s was 17.5 hours. About 68% patients presented in less than 12 hours of symptoms onset, 21.7% presented at 12-24 hours of symptoms onset and 10.3% patients presented late. PCI was done in 88.5% of patients. Almost all patients (98.3%) underwent coronary artery stenting with drug eluting stents. Multivessel PCI during index procedure was done in 7 patients. TIMI III flow following PCI was achieved in 97% cases. Average LVEF at discharge was 44.73%. Among the traditional cardiovascular risk factors, smoking was the commonest. Nearly 50% of the patients smoked while 36% were hypertensive, 27.2% diabetic, 2.6% had known dyslipidemia and 3.6% had family history of MI. 88.4% of patients presented in Killip class I while 5.6% patients presented in Killip class IV. Anterior wall STEMI was commonest accounting for 53% followed by Inferior wall, 41.8%. Angiography revealed SVD in 36%, DVD in 32.3%, TVD in 28.1%. Left Main Coronary Artery involvement was seen in 5 cases and 1, Left Main angioplasty was done. There were 3 deaths, all after Primary PCI. In-hospital mortality rates for patients presenting with and without cardiogenic shock were 38.46% and 1.59% respectively. The overall mortality rate was 3.98%. Conclusion: This study has reemphasized that PCI is effective in the management of STEMI cases in Bangladesh with improving mortality rates and decreasing complications. Minimizing the delayed presentation after the onset of symptoms should be one of the prime focuses for effective management of STEMI.

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