Although the basic meaning of the Chinese character “头” corresponds to the basic meaning of the English word “head”, they belong to different cultures. Therefore, in addition to the basic meanings, their meanings are quite different. This article intends to analyze the meanings of the Chinese character “头” and the English word “head” through the comparison of referential meanings, figurative meanings and extended meanings, and then figures out their semantic differences. This article finds that: firstly, the Chinese character “头” and the English word “head” have a close relationship of inclusion in referential meanings, and the Chinese character “头” refers to more extensive and abstract things. Secondly, the differences in figurative meanings are more reflected in the differences between Chinese and Western cultures. Finally, as for the extended meanings, the Chinese character “头” can be used as different parts of speech, and then has a rich meaning, while the extended meaning of the English word “head” is obviously related to its basic meaning, and its extended meanings also revolve around its basic meaning. Through above findings, the cultural differences between Chinese and Western can be further explored, which helps both Chinese and English learners to acquire the target language better and it is also of great practical significance for cross-cultural communicators.