Abstract: The study was carried out on Farmers perception on conflict resolution as a tool for rural development in Taraba State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to describe the socioeconomic characteristics of rural crop farmers in the study area, identify institutions effective in resolving conflicts in the study area, examine perceived conflict resolution strategies employed by the various institutions in the area and ascertain perceived effects of conflicts resolution on rural development. Multi-stage sampling procedure was adopted in the process of sample selection. Data were collected using well-structured questionnaire administered to 120 respondents, out of which 114 questionnaires were properly filled and returned. Descriptive statistics was used to achieve objectives of the study. Results of socioeconomic characteristics revealed that majority (60.5%) of rural farmers were male, majority (66.7%) of the farmers fell within 31-50 years, majority (50%) were married with average household size of 11 persons. Majority of the farmers are predominantly small-scale farmers with average farm size of 2.7 ha and majority (73.5%) of the respondents belonged to organizations. The result further revealed that traditional rulers are the major (85.1%) arbitrators of conflict in the study area. The major strategies as perceived by farmers are Prohibit open rearing and grazing of livestock (85.1%), Setting up of judicial committee of enquiry (82.5%), compensation and punishment (78.1%) and Killing of farmers on their farm land should be stopped (76.3%). The also showed that conflicts resolution leads to reduction of mortality rate (76.3%), increase rural farm and nonfarm investment (73.7%), reduces poverty of rural dwellers (72.8%), reduced food insecurity (68.4%) and reduced rural-urban migration (54.4%). It was concluded that conflict enact a major obstacle against rural development as well as farmers livelihoods. It was recommended that strategies for conflict prevention and mitigation should be considered of primary interest by government and international aid community.