Hysterectomy is the removal of the uterus. It is one of the most common major gynecological operations performed each year in every country of the world. About 3.5 million women aged between 15 to 45 years had hysterectomy in the United States of America during 1970-1978 with an annual incidence of 800,000. In 1980 the hysterectomy rate was 7.6 per 1000 women aged 15 to 45 years. This may be achieved through abdominal& vaginal route. Once a proper indication for hysterectomy exists the gynecologist surgeon must decide whether to remove the uterus abdominally or vaginally. In the present study, a total number of 60 patients were analysed in the Begum Khaleda Zia Medical College and Shaeed Shurawardy Hospital, Dhaka. Study period was from May 2007 to December 2007. Among 60 patients, 30 were underwent vaginal hysterectomy and another 30 patients were underwent abdominal hysterectomy. Selection was done on randomly using different colored card in sealed envelop. The patients were cases of dysfunctional uterine bleeding, leiomyoma of uterus less than 12 weeks size of pregnancy, and adenomyosis. Diagnosis was made by clinical examination and ultrasonography. A comparative study was made between vaginal and abdominal hysterectomy in terms of operative time, blood loss during operation, per operative and post-operative complication, costs of operation and post-operative hospital stay. All these information was obtained by using the same data collection instrument for each case. Then the data analysis was done by using appropriate tests in the SPSS software package. Mean age and parity of patients in both groups were more or less similar. In both groups size of uterus was bulky in most cases. Indication of operation in abdominal hysterectomy was DUB (13.3%), fibroid<12 weeks of pg (60%) and adenomyosis (26.7%). In case of vaginal hysterectomy both DUB and fibroid uterus<12 weeks were (46.7%) and adenomyosis (13.3%). All the patients were given spinal anesthesia. Percentage of patients having adnexcetomy was lower as prophylactic oophorectomy was done less frequently during vaginal hysterectomy. Operative time was less in vaginal hysterectomy and difference was significant (p<.003). Per operative blood loss and immediate post-operative pain were significantly lower in vaginal hysterectomy group. Costs of operation and hospital stay after operation were less in vaginal hysterectomy group and the difference was highly significant by using appropriate tests. Number of suture materials needed for operation was less in vaginal hysterectomy. The difference in per operative complication was not significant but those of post-operative complication were significant. So by comparing the above advantages of vaginal hysterectomy over abdominal hysterectomy, vaginal hysterectomy should be the first choice when one considers a hysterectomy.