Abstract: The play ‘Chandalika’ by Rabindranath Tagore is not a play on the caste system, but shows a conflict in the mind of each of the three characters namely Ananda, the Buddhish monk and Prakriti, an untouchable girl and also Prakriti’s mother who was a magician and possesses magical powers. The story of this play is based on a Buddhist legend about Ananda, a famous disciple of Lord Buddha. Ananda, according to the legend, had aroused in a Chandal girl, an untouchable, a sense of her human dignity by asking her for water to quench his thirst; but the girl while pouring the water into his hands, falls in love with Ananda. Tagore had made a very skillful use of this legend to write a play having a profound psychological and spiritual significance. The whole interest of the play centre’s round this conflict which takes place in Prakriti’s mind, due to her repentance and remorse over what she has done to the holy monk by pulling him down to the dust from the heights of spiritual bliss. In Ananda, we can see the conflict of choice that takes place between his religious duty and his newly-awakened desire for a woman. We can also see a similar conflict in Prakriti’s mother when she applies her magical powers on Ananda, in her desire to please her daughter Prakriti and the demand of her conscience not to use unholy methods to please her daughter.