Abstract: Reactive lesions of the oral cavity are a diverse group of benign lesions that arise due to chronic irritation, trauma, infection, or other external stimuli. Despite their generally non-neoplastic nature, they can present as clinically significant conditions that may mimic more serious pathologies, often complicating diagnosis. This review presents an up-to-date classification system for common reactive lesions in the oral cavity, delves into their underlying pathogenesis, and discusses their clinical features, differential diagnosis, and management. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of recognizing these lesions to avoid unnecessary invasive treatments while ensuring proper clinical intervention.