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Global Academic Journal of Medical Sciences
Volume-7 | Issue-04
Original Research Article
Immunological Profile Assessment of Breast Cancer Patients in Wasit Province
Teeba Azher Hammed, Israa Allawi Luaibi Al-Hraishawi
Published : Aug. 23, 2025
DOI : https://doi.org/10.36348/gajms.2025.v07i04.007
Abstract
One of the more prevalent diseases in women is breast cancer, however males might also get it sometimes. A tumor is often formed when certain cells in the breast tissue start to grow quickly and multiply uncontrollably, leading to breast cancer. These cancerous cells continue to invade the nearby healthy cells in the breast if not treated and eradicated, and may spread to the nearby lymph nodes. The cancer may also penetrate breast tissues and spread to nearby organs, and in some cases, it can reach distant parts of the body. The current study include a group of (80) females. 50 patients with breast cancer and 30 healthy, Blood samples were taken at Al-Karama Teaching Hospital based on 50 breast cancer, their age range from (30-30),(40-49),50 years and over from the period (2024/10/1- 2025/2/1.The study aim to Evaluate immune levels in women diagnosed with breast cancer, focusing on key immune markers by using ELISA technique.Interleukin 8 (IL-8) levels in miserable and well individuals changed considerably according to the study's findings (P = 0.001). The average level in patients was 120 ± 15 ng/L, which was greater than the average level in healthy people (40 ± 10 ng/L). Interleukin 12 (IL-12) levels were also found to differ significantly between the two groups (P = 0.001), with the average level in patients being 25 ± 5 ng/L, lower than that of healthy people (60 ± 10 ng/L). Based to an immunological the investigation, women diagnosed breast cancer have markedly lower levels of cytokines 12 (IL-12), which is diagnostic of an impaired immune response targeting the tumor. Because IL-12 is essential for T lymphocyte and natural killer (NK) cell activation, low levels of this cytokine make it easier for cancer cells to evade cellular defense. Conversely, the findings found that, in comparison with people in good health, cancerous tissue from breast tumor patients of any age had greater quantities of factor 8 (IL-8). This increase is in keeping with the established function of IL-8 in fostering tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, all of which are directly linked to the advancement of illness. Thus, two similar mechanisms that inhibit the immune response and increase the development and spread of tumors are reduced IL-12 and higher IL-8. For the purpose of to evaluate the immune-mediated features of patients with breast cancer, this investigation looked at two crucial cytokines, interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interleukin-12 (IL-12). In order to confirm the possibility of association between these cytokines and the severity of the disease or its development of metastases, it also aimed to examine the levels of these cytokines in various age groups and disease stages. The study is to help build a scientific basis that can support the creation of tailored immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of breast cancer by exposing these immunological alterations.

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