In urban Bangladesh, elderly women face several barriers from social, economic to administration in accessing social welfare services including limited knowledge about the entitlements, lack of family support or companionship, low mobility as well as insufficient income. This study aimed to explore these barriers, the potentials to overcome them and factors facilitating access to welfare services for elderly women. It was a cross-sectional survey used 400 urban elderly women who accessed self-reported data from demographic, social, economic and administrative barriers to access, awareness, family support mobility income and education. Participant characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics, and the effects of barriers and enabling factors on access were assessed with multiple regression, Pearson correlation, and one-sample t-tests. Results showed that economic barriers had the most negative effect on access (B = −15.324, Beta = −0.601, p < 0.001), followed by social and administrative barriers. Access was positively correlated with exposure to information (r = 0.575, p < 0.001) and moderately with family support, mobility, income, and education. Significant increased access included ranked coordination of services (B = 7.253, Beta = 0.497) and visibility of services (B = 6.981, Beta = 0.468). The economic conditions of current women are the most important contributors, and awareness, visibility and coordination of services can significantly increase access to welfare programs for urban middle-aged women.