This study analyzed the profitability and resource use efficiency of yam farming in Kwali Area Council, Abuja, using data collected from 200 yam farmers through a structured questionnaire. The analysis employed descriptive statistics, farm budgeting, production function, and multiple regression models. Results on socio-economic characteristics revealed that the farmers had a mean age of 43.8 years, average farming experience of 11.7 years, mean household size of 6.9 persons, and an average farm size of 1.84 hectares. Most farmers (73%) were male and operated small-scale farms, with an average of 2.6 extension visits and 3.8 years of cooperative membership annually. Profitability analysis showed that yam production was unprofitable, with total cost ₦300,674.08/ha exceeding revenue ₦274,500/ha, yielding –₦26,174.08 Net Farm Income and –0.09 ROI, indicating a ₦0.09 loss per ₦1 invested. Resource use efficiency analysis indicated underutilization of farm size (R = 11.64) and seed yams (R = 64.30), but overutilization of labour (R = 0.39), fertilizer (R = –0.07), and agrochemicals (R = –56.94). Regression results (R² = 0.731, F = 23.41, p < 0.01) revealed that educational level, farming experience, farm size, extension contact, cooperative membership, and access to credit significantly influenced profitability (p < 0.10), while age, gender, and household size were not significant. Major constraints identified were high input costs (82.5%), inadequate credit access (71.0%), pests and diseases (65.0%), and poor storage facilities (48.0%). The study concludes that yam farming is profitable but constrained by resource inefficiencies and institutional challenges.
Funso Omolayo Alabuja, Elizabeth S. Ebukiba, Moradeyo A. Otitoju
Glob Acad J Agri Biosci, 2025; 7(6): 112-123
DOI : https://doi.org/10.36348/gajab.2025.v07i06.002
The study assessed the adoption and utilisation of Climate-Smart Agricultural Practices (CSAPs) among rice farmers in Benue and Nasarawa States, Nigeria. Primary data were collected from 400 rice farmers through a structured questionnaire using a multistage sampling technique. Descriptive statistics and the Ordered Probit regression model were employed to analyse the data. The results revealed that the mean age of farmers was 42 years, most were male (64.75%) and married (74.75%), and 63% had at least secondary education. The majority (62.75%) had access to extension services while only 16% accessed agricultural credit. The results also shows that the majority of rice farmers were medium and high users of CSAPs, indicating a relatively high adoption level in both states. Commonly adopted practices included wetland (Fadama) cultivation, crop rotation, cover cropping, minimum tillage, and the use of organic manure. Moreover, the Moreover, the Ordered Probit regression results showed that education (p ≤ 0.01), household size (p ≤ 0.01), family labour (p ≤ 0.05), access to extension services (p ≤ 0.01), ownership of communication tools (p ≤ 0.10), sex (p ≤ 0.05), livestock ownership (p ≤ 0.01), and farm size (p ≤ 0.10) had significant positive effects on CSAP utilisation. Conversely, age (p ≤ 0.10) and distance to input markets (p ≤ 0.01) exerted significant negative influences on utilisation levels. The study concludes that enhancing farmers’ access to information, credit, and extension services is crucial for increasing CSAP adoption and utilisation. Therefore, the study recommends that government agencies and agricultural extension services should formulate and implement policies that promote farmer education, expand extension outreach, and provide accessible financial and infrastructural support to accelerate the widespread adoption of CSAPs in the region.
Malami Shuaibu, Isah Saidu, Aminu Yakubu Zubairu, Muhammad Nasir
Glob Acad J Agri Biosci, 2025; 7(6):124-129
DOI : https://doi.org/10.36348/gajab.2025.v07i06.003
Sewage sludge, a major by-product of wastewater treatment, presents both environmental challenges and opportunities for renewable energy recovery. This study evaluates the fuel potential of sewage sludge through proximate and ultimate analyses conducted on samples collected from a wastewater treatment plant. The results show a carbon content of 35.61%, low sulphur content of 1.15%, and a calorific value of 20,999.14 kJ/kg, indicating strong suitability for energy conversion. Favorable volatile matter and elemental composition further support its use as a biomass feedstock. The findings demonstrate that sewage sludge can serve as a viable resource for waste-to-energy technologies including pyrolysis, gasification, and anaerobic digestion. Further pilot-scale investigations are recommended to assess practical efficiency and optimize conversion processes.
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