Generative AI and intelligent automation are revolutionizing enterprise process transformation through the integration of language-based reasoning, prediction, workflow orchestration, robotic process automation and governance. In this review paper, the ways in which these technologies can support the objectives outlined in Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 are discussed through increased productivity, service improvement, operational robustness and knowledge economy development within government and corporate organizations. Through an analysis of the most recent research from 2020 to 2025, the paper compiles key findings from academic literature on large language models, retrieval augmented generation, process mining, low-code automation, analytics governance and responsible AI. Four stages of transformation include enterprise data and process infrastructure, generative AI reasoning, intelligent automation execution and governance. The paper emphasizes that while generative AI offers great potential for organizational transformation, its strategic value comes in governance-enabled integration into the entire process chain rather than individual projects or chatbots. The study provides insights into the role that generative AI and process automation can play in helping Saudi Arabia achieve its productivity and digital government ambitions as part of a broader knowledge economy. It further identifies risk areas including data quality, model hallucinations, privacy and security concerns, worker disempowerment, vendor lock-in and inadequate change management.