The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly generative AI based on large language models, has transformed the contemporary writing landscape, including creative writing. This technology supports idea generation, refines language, produces initial drafts, and accelerates content creation. However, its increasing use raises concerns regarding originality, authorship, ethical responsibility, and the future of human creativity (Gero et al., 2023; Begum, 2025). This study examines perceptions of AI use in creative writing, focusing on three dimensions: originality, ethical awareness, and future implications among respondents in Malaysia. A quantitative research design was employed using an online survey involving 51 respondents, including students, educators, writers, literary practitioners, and members of the public. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, and mean score. The findings indicate that most respondents perceive AI positively as a support tool rather than a replacement for human writers. AI is seen as enhancing efficiency, facilitating idea generation, and expanding access to creative writing. However, respondents expressed moderate concern regarding the originality of AI-assisted works, particularly in relation to emotional depth and authorial voice. They also emphasised the need for ethical guidelines concerning AI usage, copyright, and authorship responsibility. The study concludes that while AI is increasingly accepted as a valuable tool, human creativity, authenticity, and ethical governance remain essential for the balanced development of creative writing.
This study analyses how moral crisis and resistance are constructed in the dramatic works of Henrik Ibsen, focusing on A Doll’s House, Ghosts, and An Enemy of the People. It argues that Ibsen constructs a progressive vision of the individual’s struggle against oppressive social norms, revealing how personal conscience often stands in direct conflict with institutionalized morality. Through close textual analysis, the paper explores Nora’s ethical rebellion against patriarchal constraints in A Doll’s House and the exposure of moral hypocrisy in Ghosts. It further examines Dr. Stockmann’s intellectual defiance in An Enemy of the People against collective ignorance and political pressure. Based on the assumption for this paper is that in A Doll’s House, Ghosts, and An Enemy of the People, Henrik Ibsen presents the crisis of conscience as a transformative force that compels individuals to move from passive conformity to ethical rebellion and intellectual defiance. It further hypothesizes that this process ultimately exposes the tension between personal truth and societal morality. Drawing on ethical criticism, New Historicism and elements of existential thought, this study demonstrates that Ibsen’s drama not only critiques nineteenth-century bourgeois morality but also anticipates modern debates on individual autonomy, truth, and responsibility. Ultimately, the paper contends that Ibsen redefines the concept of conscience as a dynamic and often disruptive force that compels individuals to challenge societal expectations, even at great personal cost.
Cameroon’s official bilingualism, enshrined in the constitutions of 1961 and 1996, formally promises parity between English and French and, by extension, between Anglophone and Francophone citizens. However, the lived reality of many Anglophone Cameroonians is marked by administrative marginalisation, linguistic discrimination and a persistent sense of non-belonging. Drawing on a corpus of 132,287 words comprising the complete texts of Nkemngong’s Across the Mongolo and Alobwed’Epie’s The Death Certificate, this study integrates Fairclough’s (1995) three-dimensional model with van Dijk’s (2009) socio-cognitive approach to examine three categories of discursive phenomena: asymmetrical lexical labelling, derogatory naming practices and metaphors of belonging and exclusion. The findings indicate a clear asymmetry in identity representation. In Across the Mongolo, “Anglophone” occurs 39 times, while “Francophone” appears 10 times. In The Death Certificate, “Anglophone” is absent, replaced by a provincial binary in which the “First Province” encodes belonging as a form of tribal entitlement. Derogatory forms such as “Anglo”, “Anglobete” and “vieux babouin” construct Anglophone subjects as socially and cognitively diminished. At the same time, metaphors such as the River Mongolo, figured as “manacles and shackles around the necks of slaves” and the umbilical cord as a marker of biological rootedness, present Anglophone belonging as both affirmed and negated within the postcolonial state. The study concludes that these novels function as counter-discourses that expose an ideological construct. They further suggest that Anglophone identity is not only marginalised within state discourse but positioned as structurally expendable, raising broader questions about recognition and political existence in the postcolonial Cameroonian state.
Top Editors
Dr. Boukhatem Nadera
Associate Editorial Board
Ecole Superieur De Mangement Tlemcen, ESM, Tlemcen, Algeria Email: boukhatem.nadera@yahoo.fr
Shaik Mohammad Shafiullah
Associate Editorial Board
Assistant Professor in English PVKN Government College(Autonomous) CHITTOOR-517002 (AP), India Email: smdshafiulla567@gmail.com
Dr. Anil Kumar Dhiman
Associate Editorial Board
Information Scientist Central Library Gurukul Kangri University Haridwar 249404 Uttarakhand, India Email: akvishvakarma@rediffmail.com
Dr. Benard Kodak
Associate Editorial Board
Senior Lecturer of Linguistics, Department of Linguistics, Literature and Culture, Maasai Mara University, Kenya Email: bkodak@mmarau.ac.ke
Zayyanu Altine
Associate Editorial Board
Postgraduate, Department Of Islamic Studies, Faculty of Arts And Islamic Studies, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria E-mail: zayyanualtine@gmail.com
Mr. Sohail Amjad
Associate Editorial Board
Visiting Lecturer, Faculty of Shariah and Law (for English Language and Law Subjects, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan Email: sohailamjad09@gmail.com
Dr. Saeid Rahimipoor
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Assistant Professor, English Literature, Farhangian University, Faculty Member, Tabriz, Qatran, Iran Email: sdrahimipour@yahoo.com
Dr. Boyillapalli Venkata Rao
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Assistant Professor Department of Education Nagaland University (A Central University,Govt.of India) Kohima Campus, Meriema- 797004. Kohima District, Nagaland State, India Email: boyillapalli.vrao@gmail.com
Abu-Ubaida Sani
Executive Editor
Department Of Languages And Cultures, Federal University Gusau, Zamfara State, Nigeria Email: abuubaidasani5@gmail.com
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